R&D Background
To meet China 6B emission regulations, Volkswagen sought to reduce particulate emissions by analyzing exhaust particle composition. FVW collected exhaust particulates from VW production vehicles using filter paper, gathering 5 groups totaling 10 samples.
CPIC engaged the ECUST National Laboratory to analyze sample composition via X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), determining that particulate samples primarily consist of carbon particles, silicon, iron, and fluorine compounds.